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ATN-400 Transformer protection panel
The transformer protection panel is a comprehensive protection, measurement and control cabinet specially configured for the main transformer. It is generally installed in the high‑voltage distribution room.
The standard cabinet dimension is 800×600×2260 mm, and non‑standard customized sizes are available according to site special requirements.
Communication Mode:Optional: RS-485, CAN bus, Ethernet, IEC 60870-5-103 (IEC-103)
Send your requirements, we will quote for you within 12 hours
Description
Overview of Transformer protection panel
The ATN-400 is a transformer protection and control panel designed to integrate the main protection, backup protection, non-electrical protection, measurement and control functions of a power transformer into one centralized cabinet. It is suitable for substation and industrial transformer protection applications and can be configured according to the transformer rating, voltage level and project protection scheme.
Key Features
- Transformer differential protection
- Transformer backup protection
- Gas and temperature protection
- Transformer measurement and control
- Temperature monitoring and cooling control
- Protection trip and alarm circuits
- Fault recording and event logging
- SCADA communication
- Customized cabinet configuration
What Is a Transformer Protection Panel?
A transformer protection panel is a centralized secondary protection and control cabinet that integrates multiple protection, measurement, control and monitoring devices for a power transformer. Depending on the transformer configuration and project requirements, the panel may include differential protection, backup overcurrent and earth fault protection, non-electrical protection, measurement and control units, temperature controllers and communication equipment.
Unlike a standalone transformer protection relay, a protection panel provides the complete secondary protection interface, including internal devices, terminal blocks, wiring circuits, trip logic, alarm circuits, communication interfaces and auxiliary equipment.
Transformer Protection Panel vs Protection Relay
| Item | Transformer Protection Panel | Transformer Protection Relay |
|---|---|---|
| Product Type | Complete protection cabinet | Individual protection device |
| Differential Protection | Integrated as required | Main protection function |
| Backup Protection | Integrated | Depends on relay |
| Non-Electrical Protection | Can be integrated | Depends on configuration |
| Measurement & Control | Integrated | Limited / model dependent |
| Wiring | Complete cabinet wiring | Device terminals |
| Trip Logic | Panel-level logic | Relay-level logic |
| SCADA | Integrated communication | Communication interface |
| Application | Complete transformer protection system | Individual protection function |
Transformer Protection Panel Configuration
A transformer protection panel integrates differential protection, backup protection, non-electrical protection, measurement & control, and temperature control into a single enclosure — providing comprehensive protection, centralized control, and seamless SCADA integration.
1. Transformer Differential Protection
Purpose: Primary electrical protection for internal faults (phase-to-phase, inter-turn, earth faults).
Core Components:
-
87T Differential Relay: Dual-slope restraint, harmonic blocking, CT saturation detection. Supports 2- or 3-winding configurations.
-
CT Test Blocks: HV/LV CT interface with shorting links for safe testing.
Panel Integration: Relay with trip indicators and alarm annunciators — typically the primary position in the panel.
2. Transformer Backup Protection
Purpose: Time-delayed backup for faults not cleared by main protection, and external fault backup.
Core Components:
-
Backup Relay (51/51N/51V): Overcurrent, earth fault, voltage-restrained overcurrent, 59N, 49, 27/59.
-
VT Inputs: For voltage measurement and restraint functions.
Panel Integration: Mounted adjacent to differential relay, sharing CT/VT circuits.
3. Transformer Non-Electrical Protection
Purpose: Detects incipient faults via physical parameters — gas, pressure, oil level, temperature.
Core Components:
-
Buchholz Relay (63): Light gas alarm + heavy gas trip.
-
Pressure Relief: Sudden pressure rise trip.
-
Oil Level Monitor: Low oil alarm.
-
Non-Electrical Relay: Centralizes gas, pressure, temperature, oil level inputs; provides dry contacts to trip/alarm circuits.
Panel Integration: Receives field sensor inputs; provides contacts for trip/alarm wiring.
4. Transformer Measurement & Control
Purpose: Centralized breaker control and system status monitoring.
Core Components:
-
Breaker control switch (trip/close) with status indication
-
Trip/close pushbuttons
-
Anti-pumping relay
-
Status indicating lamps (open/closed/spring charged)
-
Local/remote selector switch
Measurement: Real-time current, voltage, power, frequency; energy metering; demand profiling.
Panel Integration: Controls and indicators on front panel for operator access.
5. Transformer Temperature Control
Purpose: Monitors thermal conditions and controls cooling to prevent overheating and insulation aging.
Core Components:
-
Temperature controllers (oil/winding RTD inputs)
-
Thermal relay (49) for hot-spot modeling
-
Cooling stage logic (fan/pump control)
Typical Cooling Logic:
| Oil Temp | Action |
|---|---|
| < 60°C | Cooling off |
| 60–70°C | Stage 1 on |
| 70–80°C | Stage 2 on |
| > 85°C | Alarm |
| > 90°C | Trip |
Panel Integration: Temperature displays and cooling controls mounted on front panel.
Typical Panel Layout
| Item | Confirmed |
|---|---|
| 87T relay (2 or 3 winding) | ☐ |
| 51/51N/51V backup relay with VT | ☐ |
| Non-electrical relay (gas/pressure/temp/oil) | ☐ |
| Temperature control + cooling logic | ☐ |
| Breaker control switches and indication | ☐ |
| CT/VT test blocks | ☐ |
| Communication (IEC 61850 / Modbus) | ☐ |
| Panel dimensions / mounting type | ☐ |
| Auxiliary supply (110/220V DC) | ☐ |
SCADA Communication and Time Synchronization
The ATN-400 can exchange protection, measurement, alarm and control information with the substation SCADA system through supported communication interfaces. Time synchronization helps maintain consistent event timestamps across protection and control devices for fault analysis.
Transformer Control Panel Applications
The panel can be configured for distribution and power transformer applications across different voltage levels, subject to the transformer rating, protection scheme and project technical requirements
| Application | Typical Voltage |
|---|---|
| Distribution Transformer | 10–35 kV* |
| Substation Transformer | 35–110 kV* |
Transformer Types and Applications
| Transformer Type | Typical Voltage | Key Protection |
|---|---|---|
| Distribution | 10–35 kV | 51/51N + 49 + non-electrical |
| Substation | 35–110 kV | 87T + 51/51N + REF + 49 + non-electrical |
| GSU Step-Up | 6–765 kV | 87T + 24 + 64REF + 46 + non-electrical |
| Step-Down | 110 kV → 0.4 kV | 87T + 51/51N + non-electrical |
| Hydropower GSU | 6–220 kV | 87T + 24 + 46 + non-electrical |
| Thermal Power GSU | 6–500 kV | 87T + 24 + 64REF + redundant relays |
| Renewable Step-Up | 0.6–35 kV | 51/51N + 49 + non-electrical (optional) |
Transformer Protection Panel Customization
- Protection device selection
- Cabinet dimensions
- Internal layout
- CT/PT terminal configuration
- Trip circuit configuration
- Alarm circuits
- Communication interfaces
- Terminal blocks
- Auxiliary power supply
- Cable entry
- Indoor / outdoor enclosure
- Project-specific protection logic
Cabinet Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Standard Size | 800 × 600 × 2260 mm |
| Cabinet Type | Indoor |
| Protection Degree | IP30 standard |
| Customized Size | Available according to project |
| Auxiliary Supply | DC 110V / DC 220V* |
| Communication | Project dependent |
| Installation | Floor-standing |
FAQ
1. What is a transformer protection panel?
A pre-assembled enclosure integrating protection relays, control switches, CT/VT test blocks, and monitoring devices into a complete, factory-tested protection and control system for a power transformer.
2. What protection functions are included in the ATN-400?
87T (differential), 50/51 (overcurrent), 50N/51N (earth fault), 49 (overload), 27/59 (voltage), 63 (Buchholz), pressure trip, and oil/winding temperature monitoring. Functions depend on variant ordered.
3. What is the difference between a protection panel and a protection relay?
| Aspect | Relay | Panel |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Single device | Complete system |
| Components | Relay only | Relay + test blocks + controls + terminals |
| Installation | Inside panel | Ready-to-use enclosure |
| Testing | Individual | Factory-tested as a complete unit |
4. Can the panel integrate differential and backup protection?
Yes. The ATN-400 integrates 87T (primary) and 51/51N (backup) in one factory-wired assembly, reducing site wiring and commissioning time.
5. Does the panel support Buchholz and temperature protection?
Yes. Includes a non-electrical module accepting Buchholz (gas/trip), pressure, and RTD temperature inputs — wired to alarm and trip circuits.
6. What types of transformers can the panel be configured for?
Distribution (10–35 kV), substation (35–110 kV), power (up to 220 kV), step-up/down, and renewable energy transformers. Customized based on rating, winding, and protection requirements.
7. Can the protection panel be customized?
Yes. Relay selection, CT/VT interface, breaker control voltage, panel layout, communication protocol (IEC 61850, Modbus, etc.), and enclosure type can all be project-specified.
8. What communication protocols are supported?
IEC 61850, Modbus TCP, Modbus RTU, DNP3, and IEC 60870-5-103 — availability depends on installed relay models.
9. Can the panel connect to a substation SCADA system?
Yes. Provides real-time data (current, voltage, temp, status), remote trip/close, alarm/event upload, and COMTRADE fault recording via selected protocols.
10. What documents are supplied with the panel?
Wiring diagram (CAD + PDF), terminal diagram, setting guide, protection function list, ICD file, FAT test report, manual, and bill of materials.
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xiao zhang –
This integrated transformer protection panel assembles differential, HV backup, gas & temperature protection modules. Centralized wiring, easy commissioning and multi-protocol communication, customized for main & distribution transformers.
Jack –
The device operates stably and reliably; the user manual is straightforward, making on-site commissioning effortless.