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Leon Zhang sales consultant
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Email: zxl635973785@gmail.com
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Phone/WhatsApp: +86 13655813266
ATN-400 Transformer protection panel
The transformer protection panel is a comprehensive protection, measurement and control cabinet specially configured for the main transformer. It is generally installed in the high‑voltage distribution room.
The standard cabinet dimension is 800×600×2260 mm, and non‑standard customized sizes are available according to site special requirements.
Communication Mode:Optional: RS-485, CAN bus, Ethernet, IEC 60870-5-103 (IEC-103)
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Description
Overview of Transformer protection panel
- The transformer protection panel is a comprehensive protection, measurement and control cabinet specially configured for the main transformer. It is generally installed in the high‑voltage distribution room.
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The standard cabinet dimension is 800×600×2260 mm, and non‑standard customized sizes are available according to site special requirements.
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The internal device configuration is flexible and fully determined by the actual project design drawings and technical specifications.
Main Equipment Composition
The main secondary equipment inside the cabinet includes:
- transformer differential protection device
- transformer backup protection device
- transformer non‑electrical quantity protection device
- transformer measurement and control device.
- Auxiliary supporting equipment includes transformer temperature controller and on‑load tap changer controller.
Function Description of Each Component
Transformer Differential Protection Device
- It serves as the main internal fault protection for the transformer, dedicated to detecting internal short circuits and winding turn‑to‑turn faults.
- Core functions include differential instantaneous overcurrent protection, restrained differential protection, second‑harmonic blocking logic, differential current alarm and CT abnormality detection.
- It trips rapidly to isolate severe internal transformer faults with high sensitivity and reliability.
Transformer Backup Protection Device
- It includes high‑voltage side backup protection and low‑voltage side backup protection. For three‑winding transformers, medium‑voltage side backup protection is additionally equipped.
- The protection scope covers transformer bushings, outgoing lines and external busbar areas.
- It also acts as remote and local backup protection when differential protection fails or is out of service for maintenance.
| No. | Protection Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Composite voltage (undervoltage + negative sequence voltage) restrained overcurrent protection |
| 2 | Zero‑sequence overcurrent protection & zero‑sequence overvoltage protection |
| 3 | Overload protection and overload blocking |
| 4 | Undervoltage protection and under‑frequency load shedding protection |
| 5 | Inverse‑time overcurrent protection |
| 6 | Three‑phase current unbalance protection |
| 7 | PT broken line detection and busbar insulation monitoring |
| 8 | Trip output logic and control circuit disconnection monitoring |
| 9 | CT broken line detection and blocking logic |
Transformer Non‑Electrical Quantity Protection Device
- Specially designed for oil‑immersed power transformers, it collects non‑electrical signals such as gas accumulation, pressure and oil temperature inside the transformer.
- It provides reliable early warning and tripping against internal insulation degradation, internal arcing, overheating and sudden pressure rise.
- Main functions: heavy gas trip, light gas alarm, high oil temperature alarm, over-temperature trip and pressure release interlock.
Transformer Measurement & Control Unit (MCU)
- This unit performs real‑time data acquisition and local remote control execution. It continuously measures three‑phase current, three‑phase voltage, system frequency, power factor, active power, reactive power and energy parameters.
- With built‑in anti‑misoperation interlock logic, it supports local and remote opening/closing of circuit breakers and disconnectors, and uploads all telemetry and remote signalling data to the substation SCADA system.
Transformer Temperature Controller
- It monitors top oil temperature and winding temperature in real time all day long, and automatically controls the start and stop of cooling fans and oil pumps.
- It provides local audible/visual alarms and remote signalling when temperature exceeds thresholds, ensuring safe thermal operation and preventing insulation thermal aging.
Communication & Time Synchronization
- Communication protocol: standard IEC 103 relay protection protocol, fully compatible with substation integrated automation SCADA system for four‑remote data transmission, remote parameter reading and fault waveform uploading.
- Time synchronization: B‑code time synchronisation is supported to ensure millisecond‑level time consistency across all protection and control devices, meeting fault sequence tracing, accident analysis and archive management requirements.
FAQ
Q：How to Commission and Install a Transformer Protection Panel?
A:Installing a transformer protection panel on-site as part of the transformer protection system involves several key steps: first, fix the panel cabinet at the designated position; second, complete its external wiring, including control cables and sampling signals, which must follow design drawings strictly to avoid errors; third, carry out integrated testing of the transformer protection panel, covering protection function tests, sampling accuracy tests, and interlocking tests.
Q: What is a transformer protection panel?
A: It is a centralized control and protection cabinet integrated with relay protection devices, measurement units, circuit breakers, terminal blocks and wiring loops. It realizes fault detection, trip interlock, signal alarm and remote communication for power transformers against internal and external abnormal conditions.
Q: Which main protection functions are standard equipped in this panel?
A: Core protection includes differential protection (87T), Buchholz gas protection, overload overcurrent (51), instantaneous overcurrent (50), overfluxing protection (24), neutral point overvoltage/overcurrent protection, winding over-temperature & oil temperature monitoring, pressure relief alarm and earth fault protection.
Q: What types of transformers can this protection panel match?
A: Applicable for distribution transformers, power main transformers, step-up/step-down transformers in substation, hydropower & thermal power plant unit transformers, with voltage classes covering 10kV, 35kV, 110kV, 220kV and above.
Q: Does the panel support on-site secondary wiring modification?
A: Yes. The panel reserves standard terminal blocks for CT, PT, trip circuit, auxiliary power and signal circuits. All secondary loops are marked with clear numbering, allowing flexible wiring adjustment per on-site drawing requirements.
Q: What auxiliary power supply does the protection panel require?
A: Default input is DC 110V / DC 220V for protection tripping loop; AC 220V is optional for lighting, heating dehumidifier and communication modules. Dual power backup can be customized upon request.
Q: Can it be installed outdoors directly?
A: Standard panel is indoor type (IP30). Outdoor waterproof & dustproof cabinet with IP54/IP55 protection grade needs customized cabinet structure, heater and anti-condensation device.
Q: What triggers a trip action of the transformer protection panel?
A: Tripping occurs when differential protection detects internal winding short circuit, Buchholz action on serious internal fault, severe overload, core overexcitation, casing earth fault or abnormal neutral point current/voltage beyond setting threshold.
Q: What is the difference between alarm only and trip protection?
A: Slow gas signal, slight overloading, temperature pre-alarm only send remote & local warning signals without cutting off the transformer. Severe faults will directly trip HV & LV side breakers to isolate equipment.
Q: Is protection setting editable on site?
A: Yes. The protection relay supports local touchscreen parameter setting, password permission management, and remote setting modification via IEC 60870-5 or IEC 61850 communication.
Q: What communication protocols does the panel support?
A: Standard protocols: Modbus-RTU, Modbus-TCP, IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-104; IEC 61850 MMS/GOOSE is available as advanced option for smart substation.
Q: Can it upload fault records and event logs to upper monitoring system?
A: Definitely. It records fault time, fault type, action protection element, trip sequence and wave recording data, which can be uploaded to SCADA or background monitoring platform for fault analysis.
Q: How to perform regular inspection for the protection panel?
A: Check device power indicator, alarm signal status, terminal tightness, cabinet dehumidifier working condition, communication link status, and conduct annual protection loop continuity test and setting verification.
Q: The panel shows fault alarm but transformer runs normally, what are common causes?
A: Typical reasons include loose CT secondary wiring, PT circuit abnormal voltage, incorrect protection setting value, ambient temperature triggering temperature false alarm, or interference causing false signal; inspect secondary circuit first then verify protection parameters.
Q: Can a single protection device be replaced separately without replacing the whole panel?
A: Yes. The panel adopts modular device layout. Each protection relay is independently fixed with standardized wiring terminals, facilitating individual disassembly, replacement and maintenance without overall cabinet disassembly.
Q: Can we customize protection functions and cabinet layout?
A: Fully customizable. Add or remove standby earth protection, zero-sequence protection, winding vibration monitoring, DGA gas monitoring interlock, dual-redundant protection configuration, and adjust cabinet size, door structure and layout according to single-line diagram.
Q: Which international standards does the transformer protection panel comply with?
A: Designed and tested in accordance with IEC 60255, IEC 61850, ANSI/IEEE C37 standard series, and relevant GB national standards for power secondary equipment.
Q: Does the product come with complete technical documents?
A: Each set is delivered with cabinet wiring drawing, secondary schematic diagram, device operation manual, protection setting guide, factory test report and equipment list.
Q: What is the warranty period of the protection panel?
A: Standard 24-month warranty starting from factory delivery date; on-site installation commissioning service and extended warranty plan are available as optional service items.
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xiao zhang –
This integrated transformer protection panel assembles differential, HV backup, gas & temperature protection modules. Centralized wiring, easy commissioning and multi-protocol communication, customized for main & distribution transformers.
Jack –
The device operates stably and reliably; the user manual is straightforward, making on-site commissioning effortless.